Provide practice in identifying common forages. Determine limitations to forage selection. Forage selection requires an understanding of species and cultivars. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of selecting mixtures. A model for forage selection Summary Exam References Establishment Overview Pre-Test Instructional Objectives Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of pasture establishment Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of pasture renovation.
Discuss the steps in seedbed preparation. Discuss the considerations of seed quality. Discuss the methods and timing of seeding. Discuss the purpose and wise utilization of companion crops. Instructional Objectives Explain why producers and the public should be concerned about weeds. Describe several ways in which weeds cause forage crop and animal production losses. Describe methods in determining quality List several poisonous plants found on croplands, pasturelands, rangelands, and forests.
Describe the five general categories of weed control methods. Describe the concept of Integrated Pest Management and how it applies to weed control. Distinguish between selective and non-selective herbicides and give an example of each. Describe how weeds are categorized by life cycle and how this is correlated with specific control methods. Describe conditions that tend to favor weed problems in pastures and describe how to alleviate these conditions.
Describe several common weed control practices in alfalfa production. List printed and electronic sources of weed control information. List local, regional, and national sources of weed control information. Describe the impact of defoliation on grass plants. Discuss how grasses regrow. Discuss how livestock interaction impacts grass growth. Discuss grass growth in mixed stands.
Discuss the practical applications of regrowth mechanisms. References Fertilization Overview Pre-Test Instructional Objectives Discuss the importance of soil fertility and the appropriate use of fertilization. Define and discuss the nitrogen cycle. Discuss the major elements needed for good soil fertility and plant growth. Define and discuss micronutrients.
Discuss the uses and methods of liming. Discuss fertilizer management for mixed stands. Describe the benefits of BNF in economic and environmental terms. Estimate the amount of BNF that is contributed by various crops. List and discuss factors that affect the quantity of nitrogen fixed. Describe the processes of infection and nodulation in forage legumes. Describe the process of inoculation in the production of forage legumes. List and discuss the types of grazing. Grazing livestock like cows and horses do well with forage crops.
Forge crops also can aid in land conservation, reduce weed population, and prevent soil erosion among other benefits. Some common forage crops include alfalfa, hurricane grass, and foxtail grass. These types of crops require a bit more maintenance at start-up before the plant stand becomes established. Specifically, regular application of nitrogen and manure ensures the grasses get all the nutrients they need to grow. If the soil pH goes below 6.
These include some grasses, but mostly cereal crops like oats, corn, and wheat. Alfalfa is another common fodder crop usually used to feed horses. Discuss regional forage production. Discuss forages from a livestock perspective.
Discuss the environmental benefits of forages. Discuss the possible future role of forages in the US. Differentiate warm-season from cool-season grasses. Summarize the distinctive physical characteristics of grasses Describe the utilization of grass in forage-livestock systems. Describe how knowledge of grass regrowth is beneficial to forage managers.
Provide specific information about the common grasses used as forage Summary Exam References Legumes Overview Pretest - Legumes Instructional Objectives Legumes are a valuable part of forage production. Differentiate warm-season from cool-season legumes. Summarize the distinctive physical characteristics of legumes. Define the utilization of legumes in forage-livestock systems. Provide specific information about the common legumes used as forage.
Describe the major differences between the plant families used as forages. Provide the vocabulary needed to identify grasses. Provide the basic vocabulary for identifying legumes. Identify common species of forage. Provide practice in identifying common forages. Determine limitations to forage selection. Forage selection requires an understanding of species and cultivars. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of selecting mixtures.
A model for forage selection Summary Exam References Establishment Overview Pre-Test Instructional Objectives Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of pasture establishment Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of pasture renovation.
Discuss the steps in seedbed preparation. Discuss the considerations of seed quality. Discuss the methods and timing of seeding. Discuss the purpose and wise utilization of companion crops.
Instructional Objectives Explain why producers and the public should be concerned about weeds. Describe several ways in which weeds cause forage crop and animal production losses.
Describe methods in determining quality List several poisonous plants found on croplands, pasturelands, rangelands, and forests. Describe the five general categories of weed control methods. Describe the concept of Integrated Pest Management and how it applies to weed control. Distinguish between selective and non-selective herbicides and give an example of each.
Describe how weeds are categorized by life cycle and how this is correlated with specific control methods.
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