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Dow Jones. By Ramachandra Guha. To Read the Full Story. Subscribe Sign In. He negotiated in good faith and without bitterness.
But when the oppressor reneged he returned to mass resistance. He combined negotiation and mass action and illustrated that the end result through either means was effective. While most individuals will not have the massive impact that Gandhi did, he stands as an example of what one individual can do with the principles of love and forgiveness.
Grand Central Publishing, Google ebook, chapter Your email address will not be published. Around people were killed, with more than 1, injured. He soon became a leading figure in the home-rule movement. The movement called for mass boycotts of British goods and institutions.
Gandhi implored civil servants to stop working for the British, for students to quit government schools, for soldiers to abandon their posts and for the citizenry to withhold their taxes and avoid buying British goods. In , he was arrested by the British authorities and pleaded guilty to three counts of sedition, which resulted in a six-year prison sentence, although that was commuted after just two years.
Official sales of salt were also subject to tax. It was legislation that hit the poorest hardest. And so, in , Mahatma Gandhi took on the Salt Act. The most well-known part of his campaign was the kilometre Salt March to the shores of the Arabian Sea, where he collected salt in symbolic and open defiance of the government monopoly. But there was little in the way of progress and relations with Britain remained strained.
Once again, he was arrested and jailed - this time along with fellow leaders of the Indian National Congress and his wife. A change of government in Britain after the end of the war saw more willingness to discuss independence for India.
But the negotiations that followed led to the partition of the country into India and Pakistan. On August 15, , India gained its independence, Pakistan was born and millions of people were displaced and relocated, leading to waves of violence and killings. The following year, on 30 January, , Mahatma Gandhi was shot three times and killed by a Hindu extremist. Gandhi's dedication to nonviolent, anti-colonial protest has made him an inspirational figure for millions of people to this day.
The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum. He was ultimately arrested by British-appointed landlords for causing unrest, but talked his way out of jail and negotiated better conditions for the Indian farmers.
When news about this sneaky feat spread through India, he earned the nickname "Bapu" — or Father. Indeed, Gandhi was known as much for his wit and intelligence as for his piety. When he was arrested several more times over the years for his actions during the movement, Gandhi calmly fasted in prison, believing that his death would embarrass the British enough to spur independence, which had become the focus of his politics by Gandhi's non-cooperation movement, kicked off in the early s, called for Indians to boycott British goods and traditions and become self-reliant.
His most famous protest came in , when Gandhi led thousands of Indians on a mile march to a coastal town to produce salt, on which the British had a monopoly.
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